Effects of phytohormone on Chlorella vulgaris grown in wastewater-flue gas: C/N/S fixation, wastewater treatment and metabolome analysis.

Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) can provide the means to fix CO2 from complicated flue gas, treat wastewater and reach a sustainable production of petrochemical substitutes simultaneously. However, a prerequisite to achieving this goal is to promote C. vulgaris growth and improve the CO2-to-fatty acids conversion efficiency under different conditions of flue gas and wastewater. Thus, the addition of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in C. vulgaris cultivation was proposed. Results showed that C. vulgaris were more easily inhibited by 100 ppm NO and 200 ppm SO2 under low nitrogen (N) condition. NO and SO2 decreased the carbon (C) fixation; but increased N and sulfur (S) fixation. IAA adjusted the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA), improved the expression of psbA, rbcL, and accD, attenuated the toxicity of NO and SO2 on C. vulgaris, and ultimately improved cell growth (2014.64-2458.16 mgdw·L-1) and restored CO2 fixation rate (170.98-220.92 mg CO2·L-1·d-1). Moreover, wastewater was found to have a high treatment efficiency because C. vulgaris grew well in all treatments, and the maximal removal rates of both N and phosphorus (P) reached 100%. Metabonomic analysis showed that IAA, "NO and SO2" were involved in the down-regulated and up-regulated expression of multiple metabolites, such as fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. IAA was beneficial for improving lipid accumulation with 24584.21-27634.23 µg g-1, especially monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) dominated by 16-18 C fatty acids, in C. vulgaris cells. It was concluded that IAA enhanced the CO2 fixation, fatty acids production of C. vulgaris and its nutrients removal rate.

Correction: Shang et al. Charge Carriers Relaxation Behavior of Cellulose Polymer Insulation Used in Oil Immersed Bushing. Polymers 2022, 14, 336.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper: [...].

Charge Carriers Relaxation Behavior of Cellulose Polymer Insulation Used in Oil Immersed Bushing.

Cellulose insulation polymer material is widely used in oil immersed bushing. Moisture is one of the important reasons for the deterioration of cellulose polymer insulation, which seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of bushing. It is significant to study the polarization and depolarization behavior of oil-immersed cellulose polymer insulation with different moisture condition under higher voltage. Based on polarization/depolarization current method and charge difference method, the polarization/depolarization current, interfacial polarization current and electrical conductivity of cellulose polymer under different DC voltages and humidity were obtained. Based on molecular-dynamics simulation, the effect of moisture on cellulose polymer insulation was analyzed. The results show that the polarization and depolarization currents become larger with the increase in DC voltage and moisture. The higher applied voltage will accelerate the charge carrier motion. The ionization of water molecules will produce more charge carriers. Thus, high DC voltage and moisture content will increase the interface polarization current. Increased moisture content results in more charge carriers ionized by water molecules. In addition, the invasion of moisture will reduce the band width of cellulose polymer and enhance its electrostatic potential, so as to improve its overall electrical conductivity. This paper provides a reference for analyzing the polarization characteristics of charge carriers in cellulose polymer insulation.

Multifunctional multilayer films containing polyoxometalates and bismuth oxide nanoparticles.

Multifunctional multilayer films consisting of the Keggin-type polyoxometalate [SiW(9)V(3)O(40)](7-) (SiW(9)V(3)) and bismuth oxide nanoparticles (Bi(2)O(3)) were prepared by the layer-by-layer assembly method. For the first time, electrochromic and photochromic studies were done on a film containing both polyoxometalates and nanoparticles. The films were characterized by UV-vis absorption, emission spectra, and atomic force microscopy. Their electrochromic and photochromic properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that the reduction of SiW(9)V(3) is very reversible and tunable with the addition of Bi(2)O(3) layers into the film. The electrocatalytic activity of the films toward oxidation of l-cysteine hydrochloride hydrate (l-cysteine) and reduction of nitrite were studied with cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the incorporation of Bi(2)O(3) nanoparticles into the films changed the films' photoluminescence properties and electrocatalytic efficiency.